Volume No. 5(1)                                                                    April,2015

Synergistic Effect of the Combined Ethanolic and Aqueous extracts of Garcinia kola and Ocimium gratissimum on Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

I.U. Nwankwo, C.E. Onwuakor, and O. J. James

Abstract: The synergistic antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic, extracts of Garcinia kola and Ocimimum gratissimum leaves against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA) was evaluated. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts of G. kola seeds and O. gratissimum leaves showed antibacterial activities at varying concentrations (50, 100, 150) against the test organisms (MDRPA and MRSA). The MIC of the aqueous extract of G. kola seeds against MDRPA and MRSA were 25mg/ ml and MBC of 50mg/ml respectively, 25 and 12.5mg/ml for the ethanolic extract of Garcinia kola seed and MBC of 50 and 25mg/ml for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus respectively. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts of O. gratissimum leaves had MIC 50 and 25mg/ml for aqueous extracts, 12.5 and 25mg/ml for the ethanolic extract against the test organisms. The combined aqueous and ethanolic extract of both G. kola seeds and O. gratissimum leaves showed more antibacterial activities against the test organisms than the single extract with MIC of 12.5mg/ml and MBC of 25mg/ml for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Combined use of both plant parts could find useful application in combating emerging drug resistance caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Keywords: Synergism, Garcinia kola, Ocimium gratissimum, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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Pharmaco-chemical characterization of Wattakaka volubilis (L.f.) Stapf - an antidiabetic ethnomedicinal plant

Arumugam Maruthupandian, Arumugam Eswari and Chinnaraj Santhosh

Abstract: Wattakaka volubilis (L.f.) Stapf an important ethnomedicinal plant belonging to family Asclepiadaceae and it is commonly known as in tamil “Kurinjan”. The plant part like root, leaf and stem are used as cure skin diseases, diabetes, cough, jaundice, poisonous bites, ulcer, and fever. The present study aimed to evaluate the Physicochemical Constant (Ash and Extractive values), Fluorescence analysis and antibacterial activity of chloroform, ethanol and petroleum ether leaf extracts of Wattakaka volubilis against two gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and two gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) used with antibiotic tetracycline. The results of the study could be helpful to inventory of new drug to diabetes. Keywords: Anti-diabetes, Wattakaka volubilis. Medicinal Plant, Antibacterial activity, Palliyars

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